Courses: 2020-2021

The following courses were scheduled for the 2020-2021 academic year:

Algebraic Topology

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • A course in general topology, or metric space topology.

  • A course in group theory.

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

The course is a first semester in algebraic topology. Broadly speaking, algebraic topology studies the shape of spaces by assigning algebraic invariants to them. Topics will include the fundamental group, covering spaces, CW complexes, homology (simplicial, singular, cellular), cohomology, and some applications.

Syllabus

syllabus.pdf

Other Information

Reference texts:

Algebraic Topology with Applications in Combinatorics

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • Topological spaces

  • Continuous maps

  • Metric space topology

  • Quotient topology

  • Compactness

  • Basic notions about simplicial complexes, fundamental groups and covering spaces will be helpful, but students will also be given opportunity to self-study about these notions during the first month of the course and help will be offered during tutorials.

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

This is a basic level graduate course with introduction to algebraic topology and its applications in combinatorics, graph theory and geometry. The course will cover introductory chapters from [1] and parts of [2]. With a guest lecture by Nati Linial from Israel, we will also touch some recent topics like the topology of random simplicial complexes. The instructor expects that students with interests in topology and those with interests in discrete mathematics and geometry would find the course suitable.

Syllabus

This is a basic level graduate course with introduction to algebraic topology and its applications in combinatorics, graph theory and geometry. The course will start with a brief review of the basic notions of topology, including the notions mentioned as prerequisites. It will continue with introductory chapters from Hatcher’s textbook [1]. Simplicial complex. Cell complex. Homotopy and fundamental group (Sections 1.1-1.3 and 1.A). Homology (Sections 2.1-2.2 and parts of 2.A-2.C). The second part of the course will concentrate on various applications of algebraic topology in combinatorics, graph theory, and geometry. We will follow relevant chapters from Matousek’s book [2]. Some of those applications use Borsuk-Ulam Theorem, which will be covered first. Time permitting, we may touch a recent flourishing topics on the topology of random simplicial complexes.

Other Information

Reference texts

  • [1] A. Hatcher, Algebraic Topology, Cambridge University Press, 2002. (Available for free download from http://pi.math.cornell.edu/~hatcher/AT/ATpage.html).
  • [2] J. Matousek, Using the Borsuk–Ulam Theorem - Lectures on Topological Methods in Combinatorics and Geometry, Springer, 2003.

Course Delivery

The weekly schedule will consist of four 50-minute lectures. Two to three of them will be giving new material, with some details left for the students to cover by themselves from the provided textbooks. The remaining weekly time will be used for tutorials, covering problems and examples, explaining details of proofs, and having students work in small groups and report on their solutions. The online platform used will be Zoom, with synchronous teaching that will be recorded for asynchronous viewing.

Grading Scheme

  • Homework 20%
  • Midterm 30%
  • Final 50%

The instructor reserves the right to limit the number of students from outside of SFU. He will allow for additional students who will not take the course for credit (their homework and exams will not be graded).

Cantor Minimal Dynamics

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • A good course in abstract algebra, up to the first isomorphism theorem and a good course in general topology. The course is accessible to advanced undergraduates with a good background.

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

The official title ‘Topology’ of this course is misleading. A better one would be ‘Topics in Dynamical Systems’. Dynamical systems is the mathematical study of models based on the idea of a topological space, representing the possible configurations of a system and a continuous map (or maps) which represent its time evolution. The systems considered in this course have two additional features: the space is compact and totally disconnected while the map is minimal in the sense that every trajectory formed by iteration on a single point is dense. Such spaces have a strongly combinatorial feel to them and one of our main goals is o provide a complete model for such systems based purely on combinatorial data called a Bratteli diagram. This model has been used extensively in topological dynamics over the last thirty years. The second main topic is to introduce a purely algebraic invariant for such systems. So the course becomes an interesting mix, moving between combinatorics, algebra and topology or dynamical systems. The overall goal is a theorem which classifies such systems up to a notion of orbit equivalence. Primarily, we will aim to understand all of the ingredients for the theorem and have some idea of how to prove it.

Other Information

Textbook

The text is the book Cantor MInimal Systems, written by the lecturer and published by the AMS:

It is my intention to cover all 14 Chapters, at least partially.

Grading Scheme

The grading scheme for the course will be six assignments, due roughly every two weeks. They will be weighted equally and the lowest score will be dropped before computing a final grade. There will be no tests. Students will be expected to submit their own work only, but may feel free to discuss the problems with others.

Schedule

The course will be online: lectures Monday and Thursday from 11:30 am to 12:50 pm. I intend to use the first part of each lecture as a discussion for the entire class. Depending on how long these take, it may be necessary to supplement the material with recorded (i.e. asynchronous) lectures.

Comparative Prime Number Theory

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • Solid course (preferably graduate-level) in elementary number theory

  • Graduate level course in analytic number theory, one that includes a proof of the prime number theorem and the corresponding “explicit formula”

  • Undergraduate course in probability would also be helpful

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

We will begin with a quick review of the prime number theorem and the “explicit formula”, then develop the theory of Dirichlet characters, and combine these two sets of tools to prove the prime number theorem in arithmetic progressions. We will then move into comparing two counting functions of primes in arithmetic progressions, going through the history of such comparisons and learning how the normalized difference can be modeled by random variables, thus giving us a way to understand its limiting distribution. Student assessment will consist of some modest combination of presentations and reviews of research articles.

Recommended prerequisites are a solid course (preferably graduate-level) in elementary number theory, and a graduate-level course in analytic number theory, one that included a proof of the prime number theorem and the corresponding explicit formula. An undergraduate course in probability would also be helpful. Reference texts would be standard analytic number theory books by Iwaniec & Kowalski, by Montgomery & Vaughan, and by Titchmarsh. Students who are willing to learn some of this background as they go are welcome.

Classes will be held live (synchronously) on Zoom and regular attendance will be important. The current tentative schedule is to meet at 10am Pacific time on Mondays and Wednesdays and possibly Fridays. Students can join from any physical location.

Other Information

Reference Texts

Reference texts would be standard analytic number theory books by Iwaniec & Kowalski, by Montgomery & Vaughan, and by Titchmarsh.

Process-Based Hydrological Modelling

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • A firm foundation in calculus and physics at the first year university level

  • Some experience in computing (e.g. Familiarity with python, R, matlab)

  • A strong background in hydrology e.g. As obtained by taking Geography 827 “Principles of Hydrology” at the University of Saskatchewan or a similar graduate-level course in hydrology.

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

The University of Saskatchewan Centre for Hydrology is offering an intensive course on the fundamentals of process-based hydrological modelling, including model development, model application, and model evaluation. The course will explain the model constructs that are necessary to simulate dominant hydrological processes, the assumptions that are embedded in models of different type and complexity, and best practices for model development and model applications. The course will cover the full model ecosystem, including the spatial discretization of the model domain, input forcing data generation, model evaluation, parameter estimation, post-processing, uncertainty characterization, data assimilation, and ensemble streamflow forecasting methods. The overall intent of the course is to provide participants with the understanding and tools that are necessary to develop and apply models across a broad range of landscapes. Specifically, the course will convey an understanding of how to represent existing process understanding in numerical models, how to devise meaningful model experiments, and how to evaluate these experiments in a systematic way. Along the way, participants will have the opportunity to build models, run models, make changes, and analyze model output.

Course Website

https://research-groups.usask.ca/hydrology/training-education/intensive-courses/geog-825.php#CourseObjectives

Other Information

Reference Texts

Reading/Textbooks

  1. Clark, M. P., Y. Fan, D. M. Lawrence, J. C. Adam, D. Bolster, D. J. Gochis, . . . X. Zeng, 2015a: Improving the representation of hydrologic processes in Earth System Models. Water Resources Research, 51, 5929-5956, doi: 10.1002/2015WR017096.
  2. Clark, M. P., B. Nijssen, J. D. Lundquist, D. Kavetski, D. E. Rupp, R. A. Woods, . . . R. M. Rasmussen, 2015b: A unified approach for process-based hydrologic modeling: 1. Modeling concept. Water Resources Research, 51, 2498-2514, doi: 10.1002/2015WR017198.
  3. Clark, M. P., B. Nijssen, J. D. Lundquist, D. Kavetski, D. E. Rupp, R. A. Woods, . . . D. G. Marks, 2015c: A unified approach for process-based hydrologic modeling: 2. Model implementation and case studies. Water Resources Research, 51, 2515-2542, doi: 10.1002/2015WR017200.
  4. Clark, M. P., B. Schaefli, S. J. Schymanski, L. Samaniego, C. H. Luce, B. M. Jackson, . . . S. Ceola, 2016: Improving the theoretical underpinnings of process-based hydrologic models. Water Resources Research, 52, 2350-2365, doi: 10.1002/2015WR017910
  5. Clark, M. P., M. F. P. Bierkens, L. Samaniego, R. A. Woods, R. Uijlenhoet, K. E. Bennett, . . . C. D. Peters-Lidard, 2017: The evolution of process-based hydrologic models: historical challenges and the collective quest for physical realism. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 21, 3427-3440, doi: 10.5194/hess-21-3427-2017

Stochastic Differential Equations

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • Some preparation on mathematical analysis and probability theory

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

This is a one semester three credit hour course and meet twice a week, tentatively Tuesdays and Thursdays from 11:00-12:20. It is about the theory and applications of stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian motion. The stochastic differential equations have found applications in finance, signal processing, population dynamics and many other fields. It is the basis of some other applied probability areas such as filtering theory, stochastic control and stochastic differential games. To balance the theoretical and applied aspects and to include as much audience as possible, we shall focus on the stochastic differential equations driven only by Brownian motion (white noise). We will focus on the theory and not get into specific applied area (such as finance, signal processing, filtering, control and so on). We shall first briefly introduce some basic concepts and results on stochastic processes, in particular the Brownian motions. Then we will discuss stochastic integrals, Ito formula, the existence and uniqueness of stochastic differential equations, some fundamental properties of the solution. We will concern with the Markov property, Kolmogorov backward and forward equations, Feynman-Kac formula, Girsanov formula. We will also concern with the ergodic theory and other stability problems. We may also mention some results on numerical simulations, Malliavin calculus and so on.

Syllabus

hu_sde_abstract_2021.pdf

Other Information

Reference Texts

  • The main reference book for this course is
    • Øksendal, B. Stochastic differential equations. An introduction with applications. Sixth edition. Universitext. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2003. xxiv+360 pp. ISBN: 3-540-04758-1
    • Karatzas, Ioannis; Shreve, Steven E. Brownian motion and stochastic calculus. Second edition. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 113. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1991. xxiv+470 pp. ISBN: 0-387-97655-8
    • Klebaner, Fima C. Introduction to stochastic calculus with applications. Third edition. Imperial College Press, London, 2012. xiv+438 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-832-9; 1-84816-832-2
  • Other references
    • Ikeda, N.; Watanabe, S. Stochastic differential equations and diffusion processes. Second edition. North-Holland Mathematical Library, 24. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam; Kodansha, Ltd., Tokyo, 1989. xvi+555 pp. ISBN: 0-444-87378-3 * Protter, P. E. Stochastic integration and differential equations. Second edition. Version 2.1. Corrected third printing. Stochastic Modelling and Applied Probability, 21. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2005. xiv+419 pp. ISBN: 3-540-00313-4
    • Revuz, D.; Yor, M. Continuous martingales and Brownian motion. Third edition. Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental Principles of Mathematical Sciences], 293. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999. xiv+602 pp.
    • Durrett, R. Stochastic calculus. A practical introduction. Probability and Stochastics Series. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1996. x+341 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-8071-5
    • Jeanblanc, M.; Yor, M.; Chesney, M. Mathematical methods for financial markets. Springer Finance. Springer-Verlag London, Ltd., London, 2009. xxvi+732 pp. ISBN: 978-1-85233-376-8
    • Hasminskii, R. Z. Stochastic stability of differential equations. Translated from the Russian by D. Louvish. Monographs and Textbooks on Mechanics of Solids and Fluids: Mechanics and Analysis, 7. Sijthoff & Noordhoff, Alphen aan den RijnGermantown, Md., 1980. xvi+344 pp. ISBN: 90-286-0100-7
    • Hu, Y. Analysis on Gaussian spaces. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Hackensack, NJ, 2017. xi+470 pp. ISBN: 978-981-3142-17-6
    • Kloeden, P. E.; Platen, E. Numerical solution of stochastic differential equations. Applications of Mathematics (New York), 23. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992. xxxvi+632 pp. ISBN: 3-540-54062-8

Design and Analysis of Experiments

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • Linear Algebra: vectors, matrices, quadratic forms, orthogonality, projections, eigenvalues.

  • Calculus: basic multivariate differential calculus such as computing gradients and finding critical points.

  • Statistics: an understanding of estimation and hypothesis testing, knowledge of linear regression is helpful.

  • Discrete Math: familiarity with topics like basic group theory and combinatorics can help, but are not required

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

We will cover classical and modern methods of experimental design starting with one-way ANOVA and Cochran’s Theorem. From there, we will consider multi-factor ANOVA using a variety of combinatorial tools such as Graeco-Latin squares and incomplete block designs. There will be a brief interlude on multiple testing followed by 2 and 3 level factorial designs, fractional factorial designs, and blocking within such designs. Then, response surface designs—i.e. quadratic polynomial surfaces used for optimization of industrial processes–will be discussed. Lastly, more advanced topics will be touched on such as prime-level factorial designs and the Plackett-Burman design, which involves Hadamard matrices. Interesting datasets, connections to optimal coding theory, and at-home experiments will also be discussed. For study purposes, discussion questions will be included with the lectures and solutions will be discussed in class.

Syllabus

stat568_syllabus2021.pdf

Other Information

Reference texts

Ergodic Theory

Instructor(s)

Prerequisites

  • Graduate Real Analysis

  • Measure Theory

Registration

Registration for this course is not currently available.

Abstract

Ergodic theory is the study of dynamical systems from a measurable or statistical point of view. Starting with Poincaré’s recurrence theorem and the ergodic theorems of Birkoff and von Neumann ergodic theory in the early twentieth century. The field has applications to many other areas of mathematics including probability, number theory and harmonic analysis. Among the topics covered will be

  • examples of ergodic systems
  • the mean and pointwise ergodic theorems
  • mixing conditions
  • recurrence
  • entropy and
  • the Ornstein’s Isomorphism Theorem.

Other Information

Registration

This course will run between March 29th and June 6th of 2021, and is now open for registration. Please note that this course is shared between the University of Washington and the University of Victoria. The course will taught primarily by by Prof. Hoffman (UWashington) Canadian students wishing to register for credit under the WDA should use the details above for the course at the University of Victoria and should direct any registration enquiries to Prof. Quas (UVic). Please note that for some sites students must register at least 6 weeks before the course start date, for this course that deadline is February 15th, 2021.

Reference texts

  • Ergodic Theory by Karl Petersen

Graph Theory

Instructor(s)

  • Karen Meagher

    University of Regina

  • Joy Morris

    University of Lethbridge

  • Karen Gunderson

    University of Manitoba

Prerequisites

    Registration

    Registration for this course is not currently available.

    Abstract

    The Fall 2020 offering of Math 827, Graph Theory will consist of three units on advanced graph theory topics.

    The first unit will be 6 weeks will be on algebraic techniques in graph theory taught by Dr. Karen Meagher of the University of Regina. The focus will be on spectral graph theory, adjacency matrices and eigenvalues of graphs. We will consider important families of transitive graphs where algebraic methods are particularly effective.

    The second unit will be 3 weeks on Cayley graphs, taught by Dr. Joy Morris from the University of Lethbridge. This unit will focus on automorphisms, isomorphisms and the isomorphism problem, and Hamilton cycles, all in the context of Cayley graphs.

    The third unit will be 3 weeks on the topic of random graphs taught by Dr Karen Gunderson from the University of Manitoba. This unit will cover various models of random graphs and some types of pseudorandomness.

    Other Information

    Introduction to Vertex Algebras and Their Representation Theory

    Instructor(s)

    Prerequisites

    • Graduate level abstract algebra and complex analysis. Knowledge to Lie algebras would be helpful but not essential.

    Registration

    Registration for this course is not currently available.

    Abstract

    Vertex algebras are algebraic structures formed by the vertex operators that appear both in mathematics and in physics. In mathematics, vertex algebras are used to study the Monster group, the largest finite simple group. The representation theory of vertex algebras gives a mathematical construction to two-dimensional conformal field theories. In this course, we will take an axiomatic approach and focus on the definition, axioms, properties and examples. If time permits, we will also introduce the theory of vertex tensor categories associated to the modules for the vertex operator algebras.

    Syllabus

    • 1 - 5 are core materials of the course and will be evaluated in the problem sets and final exam.
    • 6 - 8 are advanced topics that can possibly lead to research papers.
    1. Formal Calculus
    2. Axioms of vertex algebras and modules.
    3. Representations of vertex algebras.
    4. Local systems and the construction theorem.
    5. Examples: vertex algebras constructed from
      1. Virosoro algebra;
      2. Affine Lie algebras;
      3. Lattices
    6. Intertwining operators and tensor products of modules.
    7. Cofiniteness conditions and convergence problems.
    8. Vertex tensor categories of modules for rational vertex operator algebras.

    Course Website

    https://server.math.umanitoba.ca/~qif

    Other Information

    Reference texts

    1. Lepowsky-Li, Introduction to vertex algebras and its representation theory
    2. Vertex Operator Algebras and the Monster by Igor Frenkel, James Lepowsky, and Arne Meurman
    3. A series of papers by Yi-Zhi Huang, Jim Lepowsky and Lin Zhang on intertwining operators and vertex tensor categories.